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Milton Hersheys' Alumni Association
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OverviewHISAA-What MS Hershey IntendedAlumni Association HistoryPurpose & History of Service
Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was formed during the great expansion of the School, school, and Current Beneficiaries. In order to determine the intended role of the Alumni Association, one must first understand the original design of the Trust, as well as the early history of the Alumni Association. For an explanation of the Trust, refer to Chapter 1; a summary of this material follows in this first section.
The Alumni Association was created as an unincorporated association within the Trust to play an intended, unique, and important role in the lives of the Beneficiaries in fulfillment of the Hersheys’ intent under the Deed of Trust. Just as the community of Hershey was created to serve as the home for the Beneficiaries, so too the Alumni Association was created to serve the School, its students and former students, the School Family, and the Trust as an organization within the Trust. As part of the School, Hershey, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, and the “school” all share a common attribute – each is unincorporated. In fact, it was common to operate businesses, towns, and other organizations without any separate legal existence. What would the School be without the “ideal community” (that is, Hershey, PA) or the school? And what would the School (including the “ideal community” and the school) be without Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association?
As Hershey Estates was created as a centralized means of managing all of the activities that constitute the Hersheys’ Children’s Home, so too was Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association created as a centralized means of fulfilling the Trust’s School Family Obligations which arise pursuant to each Indenture and Paragraphs 15 and 23 of Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust. That is, both Hershey Estates and the Alumni Association were created by the Trust as part of an endeavor to create a self-reliant structure that utilizes all of its own resources to their maximum benefit in order to achieve optimal economic, logistical, and, most importantly, philanthropic results. Hershey Estates was formed in 1927 with a clear set of purposes: to consolidate the non-profit activities that serve the Beneficiaries through the Hersheys’ Children’s Home. These Hershey Interests serve as operating units of the Trust designed to operate the Hersheys’ Children’s Home Campus and the School.
To understand the intended role of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, one should have fresh in their mind the purposes of the Trust and the School Family. Refer to Section 3.2 for an analysis and discussion of the School Family. We already know the overall objective of the Trust – to operate the Hersheys’ Children’s Home in perpetuity for the full development of the whole person according to each such person’s unique capabilities, interests, and commitment. By the late 1920s, M.S. was well on his way to causing the Hersheys’ Children’s Home to be self-reliant in many respects through Hershey Estates. He had (1) acquired much of the land for the Hershey’s Children’s Home Campus centered in Derry Township (that is, over 10,000 of the total more than 12,000 acres by 1932), (2) established the school as the primary means of delivering services and programs to the Beneficiaries while they lived on such campus, (3) established the School Family to serve as the unique source of its shared and enduring identity, tradition, loyalty, and purpose as a central component of providing a real home for each of the Beneficiaries, (4) established the Hershey Chocolate Corporation and the Hershey Corporation as the economic engines, (5) established Hershey Estates as the non-profit driven conglomerate that provided all services that operated the self-reliant Hersheys’ Children’s Home Campus and (6) combined all of this as the “permanent institution” or School (which includes the “ideal community”) created pursuant to Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust to insure that the Beneficiaries would be well served in perpetuity. By 1930, M.S. had the Hersheys’ Children’s Home well on its way to being efficient and the very best.
However, there was more to be done pursuant to the Hersheys’ plan to create a self-reliant structure that utilized all of its own resources to their maximum benefit to achieve optimal economic, logistical and philanthropic results. Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association focused on two core sets of tasks with which the Trust is burdened. One set revolves around the Trust’s continuing educational mandate; and the other, driven by the Trust’s School Family Obligations.
The Trust had not yet formally developed a means of enhancing the effectiveness of the Trust in the areas of, among other things, (i) providing certain educational benefits that continue even after one leaves the campus and (ii) fulfilling those responsibilities that center around the long term heath and development of the School Family. Refer to Section 3.2 for a description of the purposes and characteristics of the School Family that further achieve Trust purposes.
Of course, the creation of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was designed as a means of enhancing the effectiveness of the School by having Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association play an important role. It was created to enhance the effectiveness of the School in these respects just as Hershey Estates was created to enhance the School’s effectiveness in other areas. Thus, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was M.S.’s next formal step in the development of the Trust following M.S.’s creation of Hershey Estates in late 1927. However, unlike Hershey Estates, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association’s role was geographically broader and was uniquely suited to enhancing the Trust effectiveness in discharging its Trust’s School Family Obligations.
The fulfillment of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association’s purposes is a priority under the mutual covenants and individual undertakings that start when one is first admitted to the School, and such undertakings never terminate. As discussed in Sections 3.1 and 3.2, the Managers, on behalf of the School, became obligated to provide both Orphans and Scholars Trust’s School Family Obligations, which in turn gives rise to “School Family Benefits.” In Diagram 14: School Family and Milton Hershey's Alumni Association: 1930 the central role of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association is illustrated. Diagram 14 also illustrates the fact that all members have some responsibility for the long term health and development of the School Family.
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For more detail regarding MIlton Hershey's Alumni Association, refer to Chapter 8. Milton Hershey's Alumni Association at Milton S Hershey - "His Deeds are His Monument, His Life is Our Inspiration," by John F Halbleib
Note: This material has been excerpted from the book Hershey – Ideal Community for Orphans, by John F Halbleib. Many references in this excerpt are to such book; go to Books for more information. |
3.3(a) Hershey Industrial School Alumni Association – What the Hersheys’ Intended
3.3(a)(i) General
Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was formed during the great expansion of the School, school, and Current Beneficiaries. In order to determine the intended role of the Alumni Association, one must first understand the original design of the Trust, as well as the early history of the Alumni Association. For an explanation of the Trust, refer to Milton S Hershey - "His Deeds are His Monument, His Life is Our Inspiration," by John F Halbleib; a summary of this material follows in this first section.
The Alumni Association was created as an unincorporated association within the Trust to play an intended, unique, and important role in the lives of the Beneficiaries in fulfillment of the Hersheys’ intent under the Deed of Trust. Just as the community of Hershey was created to serve as the home for the Beneficiaries, so too the Alumni Association was created to serve the School, its students and former students, the School Family, and the Trust as an organization within the Trust. As part of the School, Hershey, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, and the “school” all share a common attribute – each is unincorporated. In fact, it was common to operate businesses, towns, and other organizations without any separate legal existence. What would the School be without the “ideal community” (that is, Hershey, PA) or the school? And what would the School (including the “ideal community” and the school) be without Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association?
As Hershey Estates was created as a centralized means of managing all of the activities that constitute the Hersheys’ Children’s Home, so too was Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association created as a centralized means of fulfilling the Trust’s School Family Obligations which arise pursuant to each Indenture and Paragraphs 15 and 23 of Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust. That is, both Hershey Estates and the Alumni Association were created by the Trust as part of an endeavor to create a self-reliant structure that utilizes all of its own resources to their maximum benefit in order to achieve optimal economic, logistical, and, most importantly, philanthropic results. Hershey Estates was formed in 1927 with a clear set of purposes: to consolidate the non-profit activities that serve the Beneficiaries through the Hersheys’ Children’s Home. These Hershey Interests serve as operating units of the Trust designed to operate the Hersheys’ Children’s Home Campus and the School.
To understand the intended role of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, one should have fresh in their mind the purposes of the Trust and the School Family. Refer to Section 3.2 for an analysis and discussion of the School Family. We already know the overall objective of the Trust – to operate the Hersheys’ Children’s Home in perpetuity for the full development of the whole person according to each such person’s unique capabilities, interests, and commitment. By the late 1920s, M.S. was well on his way to causing the Hersheys’ Children’s Home to be self-reliant in many respects through Hershey Estates. He had (1) acquired much of the land for the Hershey’s Children’s Home Campus centered in Derry Township (that is, over 10,000 of the total more than 12,000 acres by 1932), (2) established the school as the primary means of delivering services and programs to the Beneficiaries while they lived on such campus, (3) established the School Family to serve as the unique source of its shared and enduring identity, tradition, loyalty, and purpose as a central component of providing a real home for each of the Beneficiaries, (4) established the Hershey Chocolate Corporation and the Hershey Corporation as the economic engines, (5) established Hershey Estates as the non-profit driven conglomerate that provided all services that operated the self-reliant Hersheys’ Children’s Home Campus and (6) combined all of this as the “permanent institution” or School (which includes the “ideal community”) created pursuant to Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust to insure that the Beneficiaries would be well served in perpetuity. By 1930, M.S. had the Hersheys’ Children’s Home well on its way to being efficient and the very best.
However, there was more to be done pursuant to the Hersheys’ plan to create a self-reliant structure that utilized all of its own resources to their maximum benefit to achieve optimal economic, logistical and philanthropic results. Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association focused on two core sets of tasks with which the Trust is burdened. One set revolves around the Trust’s continuing educational mandate; and the other, driven by the Trust’s School Family Obligations.
The Trust had not yet formally developed a means of enhancing the effectiveness of the Trust in the areas of, among other things, (i) providing certain educational benefits that continue even after one leaves the campus and (ii) fulfilling those responsibilities that center around the long term heath and development of the School Family. Refer to Section 3.2 for a description of the purposes and characteristics of the School Family that further achieve Trust purposes.
Of course, the creation of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was designed as a means of enhancing the effectiveness of the School by having Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association play an important role. It was created to enhance the effectiveness of the School in these respects just as Hershey Estates was created to enhance the School’s effectiveness in other areas. Thus, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was M.S.’s next formal step in the development of the Trust following M.S.’s creation of Hershey Estates in late 1927. However, unlike Hershey Estates, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association’s role was geographically broader and was uniquely suited to enhancing the Trust effectiveness in discharging its Trust’s School Family Obligations.
The fulfillment of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association’s purposes is a priority under the mutual covenants and individual undertakings that start when one is first admitted to the School, and such undertakings never terminate. As discussed in Sections 3.1 and 3.2, the Managers, on behalf of the School, became obligated to provide both Orphans and Scholars Trust’s School Family Obligations, which in turn gives rise to “School Family Benefits.” In Diagram 14: School Family and Milton Hershey's Alumni Association: 1930 the central role of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association is illustrated. Diagram 14 also illustrates the fact that all members have some responsibility for the long term health and development of the School Family.
3.3(a)(ii) The Constitution of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association
The primary source of the Trust’s obligation to provide a “home” is each Current Beneficiary’s Indenture. Additional Trust’s School Family Obligations arise pursuant to Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust, and are manifested in the Constitution of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association. One should understand that while the responsibilities in the Constitution are those of former students, the overall venture was initiated by the Managers using Trust assets as an unincorporated association much like the School itself is an unincorporated association. That is, while the primary raw material might be former students with commendable records, it is the Managers who created and jointly operated Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association as the overall structure will reveal. To see the Hersheys’ plan in action, we can observe this further manifestation of responsibility from the original Constitution of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association.
While the Constitution is short, it, together with Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust and the Indentures, describes a well designed relationship between the Trust, the School Family, and the Alumni Association. Table 11: Analysis of Former Student, Former Good Student, Former Commendable Student, & Others Eligibility, Status and Benefits, located below, sets forth the specific analysis relevant to various groups of former students and others. These documents collectively show benefits to be received through, and various provisions of, The Hershey Industrial School Alumni Association Constitution pursuant to which Copenhaver formed Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association as an unincorporated entity within the Trust, as well as the provisions under Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust and the Indentures with which the Constitution aligns.
As discussed in Section 3.1, Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust distinguishes between an Orphan and a Scholar as Current Beneficiaries and between the Orphan Benefits and the Scholar Benefits to be derived as benefits. This distinction is also present in the Constitution, subject to the School Family Benefits applying to all former students. Table 11: Analysis of Former Student, Former Good Student, Former Commendable Student, & Others Eligibility, Status and Benefits illustrates how (i) the distinction is honored, subject to the School Family Benefits applying to all former students, (ii) the benefits to be derived from the Alumni Association represent benefits arising under a combination of the Indentures and Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust, (iii) the school plays a controlling role in honoring and preserving such distinction, (iv) the future leadership of the Trust and School Family are pre-selected by the school and (v) finally, from the potential future leaders of the Trust and School Family (which again are pre-selected by the school), such potential future leaders then self-select.
As M.S. intended, here is how it works. The Constitution contemplates three groups of former students of the School:
· “Former Students,” which includes all former students of the school,
· “Former Good Students,” which includes all former students who left the school with a “good record,” and
· “Former Commendable Students” which includes all former students who left the school with a “commendable record.”
Inasmuch as Former Students includes all former students, it follows that “Former Students” would include Former Good Students and Former Commendable Students, as well as those former students who did not have a “good record” or a “commendable record” when they left the school. It likewise follows that Former Good Students would include Former Commendable Students because a commendable record is a good record at the same time it is commendable. In order to become an Original Alumni Association Member, a Former Student must (1) leave the school with a commendable record and (2) be voted in as an Original Alumni Association Member by the then existing Original Alumni Association Members. With respect to each of these three groups, Table 11: Analysis of Former Student, Former Good Student, Former Commendable Student, & Others Eligibility, Status and Benefits illustrates how the benefits flow from Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association:
Table 11: Analysis of Former Student, Former Good Student, Former Commendable Student, & Others Eligibility, Status and Benefits
|
Classification |
Who Determines Status |
Who is Eligible to Become an Original Alumni Association Member? |
Benefits |
|
Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association |
|
School |
Original Alumni Association Members |
Keep in Touch and Correspond With |
Keep a Close Relationship With |
Assist in Procuring Employment |
Provide Other Necessary Assistance |
Looking after the General Welfare of |
|
Former Student |
Yes |
No |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
|
Former Good Student |
Yes |
No |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Former Commendable Student |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Original Alumni Association Member |
Yes by determining Former Commendable Students |
Yes by Original Alumni Association Member vote |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Officer of Alumni Association |
Selected first Officers |
Yes by member election at annual meeting |
|
|
Annual Meeting |
Day of High School Graduation |
The clear import of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, based on the Constitution, is that:
(i) such Alumni Association undertakes responsibility for (a) keeping in touch and corresponding with, keeping a close relationship with, assisting in procuring employment for, and providing other necessary assistance to all Former Students and (b) looking after the general welfare of all Former Good Students, Former Commendable Students, and Alumni Association members;
(ii) though each of these are continuing responsibilities of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, the Constitution clearly states “This association is organized for the purpose of looking after the general welfare of those who were formerly students at The Hershey Industrial School and left there with a good record;”
(iii) thus, having additional responsibilities must have been viewed as contributing to the general welfare of Former Good Students and Former Commendable Students;
(iv) membership in Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association is limited to Former Commendable Students from whom the existing Original Alumni Association Members select future Original Alumni Association Members;
(v) the school (a) determined the Original Alumni Association Members, (b) on an ongoing basis determines which former students fall into particular classifications (that is, Former Student, Former Good Student, and Former Commendable Student) and (c) thus, determines who of the Former Students is a Former Commendable Student eligible to become an Original Alumni Association Member;
(vi) Former Commendable Students can only become an Original Alumni Association Member if the existing Original Alumni Association Members vote in favor of such Former Commendable Student;
(vii) the transition from student to Former Student occurs on the same day as the annual meeting of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association; and
(viii) from among this select group of Original Alumni Association Members, they select their own officers or leaders.
Of course creation of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was designed as a means of enhancing the effectiveness of the Trust by, among other things, (i) providing certain educational benefits that continue even after one leaves the campus and (ii) fulfilling those responsibilities that center around the long term heath and development of the School Family. Refer to Section 3.2 for a description of the purposes and characteristics of the School Family that further achieve Trust purposes.
The Alumni Association was created to enhance the effectiveness of the Trust in these respects just as Hershey Estates was created to enhance the Trust’s effectiveness in other respects. Thus, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was Milton Hershey’s next formal step in the development of the Trust following the creation of Hershey Estates in late 1927. However, unlike Hershey Estates, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association’s role was geographically broader and was uniquely suited to enhancing the Trust’s effectiveness in discharging its Trust’s School Family Obligations. Upon creation, the School expanded to include Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association. See Diagram 7: The Hershey Industrial School: 1930 for an illustrated version of the expansion.
In fact, the Trust’s creation of the Alumni Association was and remains the most effective means of preserving the institutional School Family the Hersheys created. In other words, and as is perfectly logical given what the Hersheys sought to achieve with respect to the Beneficiaries, M.S. created his Alumni Association as the institutional mechanism for further achieving the philanthropic mission of the Trust. Thus, the creation of the Alumni Association marked the beginning of the further fulfillment of these unique attributes of the Hersheys’ philanthropy that were best, and in many cases only, satisfied through Alumni. Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association is an integral part of the School.
3.3(a)(iii) Creating and Maintaining a Home and a Family - The School Family
Former Students belong to the School Family created by the Hersheys and such Former Students view the School Family as their own. In anticipation of the formation of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, on February 17, 1930 Carl R. Smith, a graduate of the School, wrote the following to Superintendent Copenhaver. This letter demonstrates that even before Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was formed, and as it was being formed, there existed an understanding that Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association is to be an “outstanding feature of the school” by helping the boys at the school form definite goals by providing “a close relationship between the student and the graduate” manifesting certain of the Trust’s School Family Obligations. In summary, (i) Superintendent Copenhaver initiated the process, (ii) graduates discussed the subject, and (iii) in his own words, Smith describes belonging to the School Family and service to the students, the School and the School Family as one of the core purposes of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association when he writes that an outstanding feature of the school would be the close relationship between the student and the graduate. This shared institutional, or School, Family encompasses an attachment to each other, the Hersheys’ Children’s Home, and the Trust no less compelling or real than that of biological families for their biological parents and siblings. Before founding the Hersheys’ Children’s Home, the Hersheys researched other children’s homes and determined that (i) the boys must grow up with a feeling that they have a real home and a real family and (ii) the best environment for this was in a rural, cottage setting, so as to insure the main objective – that each boy becomes successful in life as a person who is moral, religious, truthful, financially responsible, industrious, and, on a self-reliant basis, able to support himself in some occupation or mechanical trade determined by his unique taste, capacity, intelligence, and adaptability. The Hersheys built these intents into the fabric of the Deed of Trust as demonstrated by M.S.’s fulfillment of the Trust during his lifetime. The School Family constitutes an essential, central, and intended means of fulfilling the purposes of the Trust, including the School Family Obligations. The School Family is part of the community to which each Current Beneficiary belongs and is part of the School.
Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association has been delegated and such Alumni Association, its Original Alumni Association Members and its officers have accepted responsibility for the further development and continued excellent health of such School Family by undertaking responsibilities set forth in the Constitution pursuant to the process described in said Constitution.
The Constitution uses the term “former students” because Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust made no reference to, nor did it require, graduation from high school. Moreover, some Current Beneficiaries could be discharged upon the request of a parent if it were in the best interest of such Beneficiary. This could happen upon the occurrence of some event such as the remarriage of a parent. Moreover, the Constitution contemplates membership comprised of Former Commendable Students without regard to whether or not such students finished a particular program, looking after the general welfare of all Former Good Students, Former Commendable Students, and Original Alumni Association Members without regard to whether or not such students finished a particular program, and keeping in touch and corresponding with, keeping a close relationship with, assisting in procuring employment for, and providing other necessary assistance to all Former Students without regard to whether or not such students finished a particular program. Thus, M.S. viewed any Former Student who had participated in any part of the School’s programs as an alumnus of the School without regard to whether or not such student finished a particular program and Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association undertook various types of responsibilities for such Former Students. In the context of the Hersheys’ Children’s Home, all Former Students constitute “Alumni” and are thus properly viewed as part of the School Family.
Alumni are an important component of the School Family. There are a number of reasons why M.S. intended that Alumni remain an important component of the School Family. Alumni are a material component of the School Family because Alumni (i) are to receive their School Family Benefits, (ii) who remain as Scholars under the Deed of Trust continue to receive other benefits under the Deed of Trust, (iii) serve as a primary source for effective role models in the lives of younger and older Scholars, other Alumni and other members of the School Family, (iv) serve as a primary source for effective leadership in the School, as Managers and in other aspects of the Trust, (v) select other School Family members who deserve recognition for their exceptional service to the School Family and make them honorary alumni, and (vi) as the older Scholars and leaders of the School Family serve to protect the Trust through insisting upon strict adherence to the Deed of Trust, the Hersheys’ intent and the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Through the great vision of M.S. and the other Managers in 1930, the Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was established as part of the School so as to insure, among other things, that the key roles of Alumni in the School Family are achieved in perpetuity.
3.3(a)(iv) Certain Benefits are to Continue Beyond Age 18 and High School
Here is yet another area where the Hersheys’ philanthropy parallels that which occurs in most healthy biological families. The Hersheys intended the benefits of the Trust would continue for Scholars after Scholars reached age 18 and after receiving a high school education, and the School Family Benefits would continue in favor for all Former Students – that is, Alumni. That benefits from the Trust continue to be received by Scholars after reaching age 18, after receiving a high school education, as well as by all Former Students and whether or not such Scholar or Former Student remains on the Hersheys’ Children’s Home Campus is significant. This demonstrates that the Trust mirrors that which occurs in most healthy biological families, and further emphasizes the extraordinary importance of the School Family and Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association in the fulfillment of the Trust’s purposes.
3.3(a)(v) Original Alumni Association Members of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association Succeed the Hersheys as the Senior Members of the School Family
All of the forgoing explains how the Trust was set up to function as a family trust, just like any other family trust. The relevant family in this instance is the School Family. Through the Deed of Trust and expecting that the potential and interests of each Current Beneficiary, as well as the demands of society and employers, will vary over time, the Hersheys provided for: (i) the creation and expansion of the Hersheys’ Children’s Home for existing and future Beneficiaries and (ii) benefits while living at the Home and while no longer living at the Home. As time passes, the School Family continues to grow in size and diversity of taste, capacity, intelligence, and adaptability, and society and employers expect more from each of us. In addition, the Hersheys understood that, although each of them would eventually die, the School Family must endure and remain well served by the Trust in perpetuity. With this in mind, M.S. created the Alumni Association whose Original Alumni Association Members would serve as (a) the Hersheys’ successors as the senior members of the School Family from which future leaders would come (whether as Managers, School Administrators, teachers, houseparents, mentors, brothers or sisters in orphanhood, the heads of other Hershey Interests, etc.) and (b) the means of insuring that the School Family would endure, and be well served by the Trust, in perpetuity. It is worth noting that those who serve in these important roles as Original Alumni Association Members of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association are duly elected by the then existing Original Alumni Association Members of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association after having been identified by the School as Former Commendable Students. Thus, the Original Alumni Association Members were at all times selected by the School and the existing Original Alumni Association Members from the selected population of all Former Commendable Students.
Throughout school archival material from the 1920s through much of the 1950s, there is a consistent message that the School actively provided services to the students and graduates (regardless of when they had graduated) regarding job placement, housing, the transition from life on the Hersheys’ Children’s Home Campus to the world outside such campus, and mentoring. Placement was not limited to local positions. Arthur Mosser, Class of 1936, was placed in a position in Chicago. So too did Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association provide services to the Alumni regarding placement, transitioning and mentoring since its inception in 1930. Refer to the School Archives throughout. Moreover, material written in The School Industrialist focuses on careers, networking, college, brotherhood, staying in contact with each other and the school, alumni visiting their old student homes, etc. There are many references to each individual alumnus having a “duty,” often stated without expressly identifying the source of such duty as if it were implied from having attended the School or well understood for some other reason. We do know that the Alumni Association’s Constitution states a duty and the 1976 Declaration of Fellowship also sets forth a mutual pledge amongst members. There were many references to alumni teams playing sports with student teams. Many seniors who were slated for a job (as opposed to going onto college or other postsecondary education) stayed in their student home after graduation until he had a job.
Note: This material has been excerpted from the book Hershey – Ideal Community for Orphans, by John F Halbleib. Many references in this excerpt are to such book; go to Books for more information. |
3.3(b) The Alumni Association’s Institutional History
3.3(b)(i) Formation and Formalities
The formation of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association occurred during 1930 and 1931. This was about 9 years after the first HIS high school class graduated in 1921. Paragraph 23 of Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust provides:
23. The Managers shall at all times keep full and accurate statements, in books to be provided by them for the purpose, of all orphans entering, remaining in, and leaving the School, showing their several names, parentage, birthplaces, ages, admission, and departure, and designation of trade learned; and so far as any information upon the subject can readily and without unnecessary expense be obtained, the Managers shall cause a record to be kept and preserved of the residence, occupation, condition, and success in life of all scholars who have fully completed their term, for a period of ten years after their departure from the School.
The first ten year period contemplated by Paragraph 23 of the Deed of Trust for a graduate of the school would have expired in roughly 1931 (at the earliest) and the Alumni Association was formed the prior year in 1930. In fulfillment of various provisions of Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust (including obligations such as the Trust’s School Family Obligations) and to achieve optimal economic, logistical, and philanthropic results, Copenhaver, for and on behalf of M.S. (who then, and at all prior and subsequent times, controlled everything through his retained voting control of the Hershey Trust Company), the Managers (who had control pursuant to Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust), the Trust, and the School, organized Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association as an unincorporated association within the Trust and as part of the School by:
(i) organizing the first meeting,
(ii) holding the first, organizational meeting on School property,
(iii) selecting the first Original Alumni Association Members,
(iv) electing the first officers,
(v) permitting Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association to use the name of the School,
(vi) establishing Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association’s headquarters on School property,
(vii) calling the first annual meeting at the expense of the Trust,
(viii) drafting the initial Constitution of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, and
(a) regarding membership, (1) membership in Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association is limited to Former Commendable Students from whom the existing Original Alumni Association Members select future Original Alumni Association Members, (2) the School (A) determined the Original Alumni Association Members, (B) on an ongoing basis, determines which former students fall into particular classifications (that is, Former Student, Former Good Student, and Former Commendable Student) by virtue of the School’s ongoing evaluation of all students both in the classroom and at the student homes until such time as a student becomes a Former Student, and (C) thus, determines who of the Former Students is a Former Commendable Student eligible to become an Original Alumni Association Member, (3) Former Commendable Students can only become an Original Alumni Association Member if the existing Original Alumni Association Members vote in favor of such Former Commendable Student, (4) the transition from student to Former Student occurs on the same day as the annual meeting of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, and (5) from among the select group of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association’s Original Alumni Association Members, such Original Alumni Association Members select their own officers (that is, this select group chooses its own leaders),
(b) regarding the undertakings or responsibilities of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, its Original Alumni Association Members and its officers have accepted responsibility for the further development and continued excellent health of the School Family by undertaking responsibility for (1) keeping in touch and corresponding with, keeping a close relationship with, assisting in procuring employment for and providing other necessary assistance to, all Former Student and (2) looking after the general welfare of all Former Good Students, Former Commendable Students and Alumni Association members,
(c) though each of those listed above are continuing responsibilities of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, the Constitution clearly states “This association is organized for the purpose of looking after the general welfare of those who were formerly students at The Hershey Industrial School and left there with a good record,”
(d) thus, these additional responsibilities must be viewed as contributing to the general welfare of Former Good Students and Former Commendable Students, and
(ix) continuing to be involved in the policy and decision making of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association.
Throughout the history of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association its membership has been determined based upon the recommendations and policies of the Managers. Moreover, during M.S.’s lifetime, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association and the Managers had overlapping Boards, as was likewise true of other entities that comprised part of the “permanent institution” such as Hershey Estates and Hershey Chocolate Corporation. We note here that “No person employed by the school, in any capacity, in connection with which any compensation or expenses are directly or indirectly paid, shall at the same time serve as a member of the Managers of The Hershey Industrial School” is Paragraph 29 of Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust. While Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was formed as part of the School, as was true of Hershey Estates, it was not considered part of the “school,” because Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was not part of the residential, educational and other related facilities and employees that directly serve the Resident Beneficiaries and Non-Resident Beneficiaries, which comprise a major component of the School but are distinguished from the School.
Another purpose of the formation of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association and its intended relationship to the Managers and the Trust is first manifested through Arthur Whiteman. In fact, as Table 12: Alumni Managers Who Served as a Manager During or Prior to 1984 Had Served as the President of the Alumni Association shows, each Former Student that became a Manager during or prior to 1984
(i) was Indentured,
(ii) graduated from The Hershey Industrial School,
(iii) served as the Alumni Association’s President and Past President either before or at the time of first becoming a Manager, and
(iv) for years prior to 1984, each Manager who (a) was an alumnus, and (b) served as a Manager prior to 1984 at some point served simultaneously as a Director of the Alumni Association and as a Manager.
Arthur Whiteman was picked by M.S. when Whiteman was 15 to work at the Hershey Trust Company. At the time he was still attending school and living on the Hersheys’ Children’s Home Campus. When he started working at the Hershey Trust Company he had not been discharged from the custody and control of the Managers under his Indenture. Whiteman was made a Manager in 1939 even though he was only thirty years old. The average age of M.S.’s other advisers on the Board of Managers was twice that of Whiteman. Through M.S.’s control of the voting rights he added Whiteman as part of his grand plan to build an ideal community to be run by and for orphan boys carrying out the terms of his will while living. Whiteman brought the knowledge and insight of a Former Commendable Student and leader of the School Family, which provided invaluable information to the Managers in connection with their operation, management and control of the School. He was simultaneously on Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association Board for many of the same reasons. In 1959, Joseph Gumpher (HIS Class of 1936 and President of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association from 1938 through 1939 and its Past President from 1940 through 1941) became the second Original Alumni Association Member to become a Manager. In fact, Whiteman and Gumpher are two who first manifested this important role.
M.S. created the Alumni Association, and added Arthur Whiteman, Joseph Gumpher, and others as a Manager, as a means of enhancing the effectiveness of the School by, among other things, (i) providing certain educational benefits that continue even after one leaves the campus and (ii) undertaking those responsibilities that center around the long term health and development of the School Family. That is, the Alumni Association, as part of the School, serves the School Family and the “school” by being responsible for the development and continued excellent health of the School Family and serving to identify and develop the future leaders of the Trust, the School and the School Family by selecting from its Original Alumni Association Members those that will lead in such capacities. It follows that the overall purpose of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association should include, and the Constitution provides:
This association is organized for the purpose of looking after the general welfare of those who were formerly students at the Hershey Industrial School and left there with a good record.
Here is Table 12: Alumni Managers Who Served as a Manager During or Prior to 1984 Had Served as the President of the Alumni Association, which was referenced above:
Table 12: Alumni Managers Who Served as a Manager During or Prior to 1984 Had Served as the President of the Alumni Association
Alumni Managers Who Served As A Manager During or Prior to 1984 Had Served as the President of the Alumni Association
|
Manager |
Former Commendable Student |
School Positions |
|
HIS |
Alumni Association |
|
Name |
Years as a Manager |
Indentured |
Class Year |
President, VP-President Elect, or Past President |
Other Office(s) |
“school” |
Other Hershey Interests |
Arthur Whiteman |
1939 – 1974 |
Yes |
1927 |
1930 – 1936 |
Board:
1930 – 1953 & 1976 – 1988 (excluding 1980, 1982 & 1986).
|
|
HTC |
Joseph Gumpher |
1956 – 1984 |
Yes |
1935 |
1938 – 1941 |
Board:
1938 – 1941, 1949 & 1959
|
|
HTC |
Kenneth Hatt |
1962 – 1990 |
Yes |
1941 |
1961 – 1963 |
Board:
1948 – 1969 & 1971
Secretary:
1948 – 1960
|
|
Hershey Estates |
William Dearden |
1964 – 1985 |
Yes |
1940 |
1954 – 1957 |
Board:
1950 – 1951, 1954 – 1957 &
1974 – 1976
|
Business: (1950s) |
HCC & HFC |
John “Mac” Aichele |
1974 – 1986 |
Yes |
1939 |
1975 – 1976 |
Board:
1944 – 1945, 1958, 1960 – 1961, & 1973 – 1976
Secretary:
1944 – 1945
Vice President:
1974
|
School Rep:
1960 – 1961
Teacher
Administration
President |
|
William Fisher |
1984 – 1991 |
Yes |
1950 |
1983 – 1984 |
Board:
1960, 1966 – 1970 & 1981 – 1984 |
Teacher
Principal
President
|
|
John Rineman |
1984 – 1993 |
Yes |
1945 |
1981 – 1982 |
Board:
1955, 1957 – 1960 & 1979 – 1982
Vice President: 1960 |
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The involvement of the Alumni Association was so fundamental to the achievement of the Hersheys’ philanthropic endeavor that (i) the Managers and School Administration participated in formal activities of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association at all times while M.S. was alive and for decades thereafter and (ii) the Managers and Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association had overlapping boards at all times after 1939 (the year that Whiteman first went on the Board of Managers) through M.S.’s death in 1945. During this same time frame, particularly the early years, a representative of the Managers would sit in on many meetings of the Alumni Association and the School Superintendent often attended many of the meetings that occurred as often as six times a year. This is fully consistent with descriptions made during this time frame that Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was part of the School.
From the members of the Alumni Association’s Board and its officers came many School Family leaders who first served and were developed through the Alumni Association. Some examples are Arthur Whiteman, Joseph Gumpher, Kenneth Hatt, William Dearden, Bruce McKinney, John “Mac” Achiele, William Fisher, Michael Weller, Anthony Colistra, John O’Brien, and Melvin Garner. There are many others who served and were developed through the Alumni Association and worked for the school as teachers, counselors, houseparents, and administrators, as well as in other capacities. The most common development path was that a Former Commendable Student would first serve as a director and officer of the Alumni Association, thereby demonstrate commitment and leadership and then, be selected to play an important role in the School Family through the school or one of the other Hershey Interests.
3.3(b)(ii) Use of Trust Assets and Milton Hershey’s Intent
The assets of the Trust may not be used for any purpose other than that set forth in the Deed of Trust (i.e., for the benefit of the Beneficiaries and to achieve the purposes of the Trust). Through Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, the Managers, and the School have used Trust assets to (i) enhance the Home to which Alumni return by having a resident Alumni Association with elected officers and directors and (ii) provide (A) meals, lodging, and the use of other Trust facilities, (B) information, books, and other materials (e.g., The School Industrialist) regarding the Hersheys, the School, and the School Family, and (C) job placement, mentor, transition, as well as career and social networking programs.
Beginning in 1931 with the first annual meeting, the Alumni Association has held its annual meeting on School property and at the expense of the Trust. The annual Homecoming Banquet, which has become a tradition of the School Family, was (i) jointly created in 1931 by M.S. himself, the Managers, and the initial Original Alumni Association Members of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, and (ii) jointly developed thereafter by the Managers, School Administration and Alumni Association. The annual alumni banquet, organized and coordinated by the Alumni Association, has been held every year at the expense of the Trust and most, if not all, have been held on School property. Alumni Association athletic teams used the Fanny B. Hershey Memorial Building and other School property to play sports with the students and faculty. The School Print Shop printed and distributed to students, faculty, and Alumni, without charge, The School Industrialist. The School observed that upperclassmen and Alumni were the major readers of the monthly publication. The School Industrialist was originally published as a means of forming, preserving, and enhancing the relationships amongst members of the School Family, including (1) Alumni amongst themselves and (2) upperclassmen with the Alumni with whom they would soon become a part, as well as (3) Alumni and upperclassmen with faculty, houseparents, and staff. The authors of articles regarding Alumni were mostly Alumni or faculty of the school. Beginning shortly after M.S.’s death, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association operated the Alumni Memorial Home for the benefit of Alumni (which included meals, lodging, and social and business networking) and the Alumni Association (as its Headquarters and for meetings, etc.) as part of the Milton Hershey’s Children’s Home pursuant to its (a) responsibility to look after “the general welfare of those who were formerly students at The Hershey Industrial School and left there with a good record,” (b) responsibility to enrich the Home to which they return and (c) other responsibilities that center around the long term health and development of the School Family. Alumni also received a hearty welcome and were made to feel at home during the “home-coming” weekend and at various other times throughout the year when visiting the community. If the facilities were available, house-parents may give them night lodging and their meals without charge.
This consistent use of Trust assets for the benefit of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, its Original Alumni Association Members, and Former Students generally demonstrates that even the Managers and the School Administration understood that these uses of Trust assets are in furtherance of the purposes of the Deed of Trust and for the benefit of the Current Beneficiaries, whether as Scholars or as recipients of School Family Benefits. Moreover, this leads one to the conclusion that during M.S.’s lifetime, the Managers and School Administration understood that: (i) Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, like Hershey Estates, had been created by the Managers as part of the School and (ii) use of Trust assets or School property by Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association is pursuant to the purposes of the Trust in fulfillment of the Hersheys’ intent with respect to the School Family’s role in fully developing Current Beneficiaries and delivering School Family Benefits.
Each of the Managers who served the Trust prior to the 1990s had graduated from The Hershey Industrial School, were Indentured and served as the President of the Alumni Association prior to or at the time of first becoming a Manager. This ended in 1984, the year Rod Pera became a Manager. That is, no President of the Alumni Association that has taken office after 1984 has served as a Manager.
Each of the Alumni Managers who served the School prior to the 1990s had been Indentured, had graduated from The Hershey Industrial School and served as the President of the Alumni Association prior to, or at the time of first, becoming a Manager.
The School Archives are full of stories of the Alumni Association athletic teams and the activities of such teams. These teams used the Fanny B. Hershey Memorial Building, which was School property dedicated to student and alumni use.
Refer to the Constitution. Today, the Alumni Association is a nonprofit corporation first established in 1930 as an unincorporated association and as a part of the School. Over the years and with direct input from the Managers, the Alumni Association’s purposes are now of four types: (1) service to the School and its students, (2) service to Alumni, (3) service to the School Family and (4) protection of the Trust. The Alumni Association is organized and validly existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, has continuously maintained its principal place of business in Hershey, Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania and has at all times maintained its principal place of business on and in real estate constituting School property under the Deed of Trust. Moreover, the Alumni Association board of directors is comprised of the elected representative body of the Former Students.
In the report of Managers’ Administrative Committee of November 24, 1958, the costs of homecoming were discussed, including expenses for use of the Arena, a Trust asset, for a social gathering of Alumni.
Note: This material has been excerpted from the book Hershey – Ideal Community for Orphans, by John F Halbleib. Many references in this excerpt are to such book; go to Books for more information. |
3.3(c) Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association Purposes and Excellent History of Service
The following discusses the purposes of the Alumni Association followed by some, but not all, examples of the excellent history the Alumni Association has delivered in fulfilling purposes of the Trust. The Constitution of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association clearly states “This association is organized for the purpose of looking after the general welfare of those who were formerly students at The Hershey Industrial School and left there with a good record.” In addition, the Original Alumni Association Members and officers have accepted responsibility for the further development and continued excellent health of the School Family by (1) keeping in touch and corresponding with, keeping a close relationship with, assisting in procuring employment for, and providing other necessary assistance to all Former Student and (2) looking after the general welfare of all Former Good Students, Former Commendable Students and Original Alumni Association Members. Considering these responsibilities, the Deed of Trust, the Indentures, the Trust’s School Family Obligations and the use of Trust assets for the benefit of Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association and Alumni, M.S.’s clear manifestation of his own intent under Milton Hershey’s Deed of Trust was to (a) establish Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association as part of the School, (b) materially enhance the value of the School Family to the Current Beneficiaries through Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, and (c) discharge some of the Trust’s School Family Obligations and other fiduciary obligations of the Managers through Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association.
As explained earlier, Scholars would include Former Good Students and Former Commendable Students. Hence, M.S. brought the fulfillment of the Deed of Trust and the Indentures to nearer 100% by establishing the School and:
(i) including the School Family, to fulfill the Direct Education mandated by the Deed of Trust,
(ii) including the School Family and Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, to fulfill the Indirect Education mandated by the Deed of Trust, and
(iii) including the School Family and Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association, to fulfill the Trust’s School Family Obligations and to insure the development of a strong, loyal, and healthy School Family by “looking after the general welfare of those who were formerly students at The Hershey Industrial School and left there with a good record” and keeping in touch and corresponding with, keeping a close relationship with, assisting in procuring employment for and providing other necessary assistance to, all Former Student.
In so doing, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association enhanced the fulfillment of the Direct Education and Indirect Education mandated by the Deed of Trust, as well as the fulfillment of the Trust’s School Family Obligations by, among other things, (i) providing certain educational benefits that continue even after one leaves the campus and (ii) undertaking responsibilities that center around the long term health and development of the School Family. Finally, much like Hershey Estates, which had been formed only three years earlier, Milton Hershey’s Alumni Association was formed as part of the School pursuant to M.S.’s continuing endeavor to create a self-reliant structure that utilizes all of its own resources to their maximum benefit in order to achieve optimal economic, logistical, and philanthropic results.
3.3(c)(i) Service to the “school” and Its Students
Regarding service to the school and its students, the Alumni Association has:
- Actively generated interest in the School through admissions and general public awareness
- Served in advisory roles to the Managers and School Administration regarding programs and candidates to serve as leaders of the School Family
- Generated a sense of belonging, purpose, and unity among the students by
(i) demonstrating concern for those in the school through such activities as awards for numerous achievements and some modest scholarships in recognition of their individual and team achievements in areas such as academic achievement, co-curricular achievement, leadership, heroism, and school/community service,
(ii) serving as student mentors and role models,
(iii) demonstrating the life long value of the School Family through programs pursuant to which Alumni select individual children who were not visited by relatives or friends and serve as their visitors and friends, and through such Alumni’s biological families welcome students to the ever expanding School Family (e.g., the wives of Alumni Association members have held parties for young students who seldom received visitors),
(iv) participating in athletic competition with students and/or faculty, participating in special events, and attending and cheering at school athletic events, each of which involves the participation of other members of the School Family, and
(v) assisting in the transitioning of students from the Direct Education provided at the Home to the “real world” through various programs including (a) the Senior Fellowship Dinner sponsored by the Alumni Association as a fellowship dinner with graduating high school seniors to create a fraternal relationship, and to acquaint the seniors with the Alumni Association and (b) the Alumni Association’s mentor programs
- Exhibited excellent cooperation with the school
- Actively participated in career counseling and exploration activities such as career day, job shadowing, and summer internships
- Assisted in the annual placement of students into the work force, military and institutions of higher learning
- Actively participated in the writing of the 1956 Alma Mater which sets forth various covenants among the Current Beneficiaries (including students and former students)
3.3(c)(ii) Service to Alumni
Regarding service to Alumni (which includes all former students of the school), the Alumni Association has:
- Served in advisory roles to the Managers and School Administration regarding (i) programs for Alumni (for example, in 1955 and again in 1999, the Alumni Association successfully persuaded the Managers to reform the Trust’s post high school education funding), as well as (ii) candidates for leadership roles within the School Family
- Holding annual meetings of the Alumni Association and the annual alumni banquet during alumni homecoming day, which became a weekend
- Generated a sense of belonging, purpose, and unity among Alumni by:
(i) demonstrating concern for Alumni through such activities as advising the Managers and the School Administration regarding programs that are needed by Alumni, as well as numerous awards for Alumni (such as, Alumnus of the Month, Alumnus of the Year, Alumni Service Award, etc.),
(ii) giving the School Family the statue of M.S. with a boy for the Trust’s 50th anniversary, on which is inscribed “His Deeds are His Monument, His Life is Our Inspiration,”
(iii) serving as Alumni mentors and role models,
(iv) demonstrating the life long value of the School Family through various career and social networking events and activities,
(v) participating in athletic competition with students and/or faculty, participating in special events, and attending and cheering at school athletic events, each of which involves the participation of other members of the School Family,
(vi) assisting in the transitioning of students from the Direct Education provided at the Home to the “real world” through various programs including (a) the Senior Fellowship Dinner sponsored by the Alumni Association as a fellowship dinner with graduating high school seniors to create a fraternal relationship, and to acquaint the seniors with the Alumni Association and (b) the Alumni Association’s mentor programs
- Offered programs that directly benefit Alumni such as (a) the Alumni Memorial Home (used for meetings, social events and temporary board and lodging needs of alumni while visiting home), (b) a hospitalization fund, maintained for the assistance of members in the event of injuries or illness, (c) scholarships for the continuing education of Alumni, and (d) maintaining the “Helping Hand Fund”
- Actively participated in the redrafting of the School Family’s Alma Mater
- Developed an in depth analysis of, and related database regarding, the Deed of Trust, the Trust, Indentures, and the Alumni Association to assist in the further education of Alumni and other members of the School Family
- Participated actively in the development of content for The School Industrialist and the Spartan Magazine and produced quarterly, or more frequent, editions of the Alumni news, which is designed to keep all alumni informed about, among other things, the current programs and activities of the Alumni Association
- Developed an Internet presence and greatly expanded the use of the Alumni Association’s Internet site to facilitate (a) direct communication with and among Alumni and other members of the School Family, (b) the gathering of Alumni opinions through online surveys, (c) networking, as well as (d) the further education of Alumni regarding various topics, and various Alumni Association Chapters have developed Chapter sites so as to achieve similar objectives with a focus on local activities
- Established the William Dearden House in cooperation with, among others, the Homestead Chapter, Richard Purcell, Class of 1961, and Milton Purcell, Class of 1964
- Worked to insure that Alumni have an enriched Home to which they can return and visit their brothers and sisters in orphanhood, as well as other members of the School Family by maintaining the Homestead, facilitating the creation of the William Dearden House, seeking enforcement of the Deed of Trust and other efforts
3.3(c)(iii) Service to the School Family
Regarding service to the School Family, all of the Alumni Association’s service to the school, service to the School’s students and alumni, and efforts to protect the Trust constitute service to the School Family and to the Hershey’s Children’s Home. Through the Alumni Association’s service to the School and its School Family, the Alumni have become recognized as keepers and guardians of the spiritual ideals and practical ideas held by Milton S. Hershey.
3.3(c)(iv) Service to the “Permanent Institution” – the School
As the school, its students, Alumni, the Alumni Association, and the School Family all are part of the “permanent institution” or The Hershey Industrial School (which includes the “ideal community”) created by the Hersheys pursuant to the Deed of Trust (that is, the “School”), service to any one component is service to the School as contemplated by the Hersheys, the Deed of Trust, the Indentures, and the Trust’s School Family Obligations in fulfillment of the Hersheys’ intent.
Moreover, efforts during the late 1980s through late 2002 by the Alumni Association to enforce the Deed of Trust likewise demonstrate excellent service to the School and its constituent parts.
Note: This material has been excerpted from the book Hershey – Ideal Community for Orphans, by John F Halbleib. Many references in this excerpt are to such book; go to Books for more information. |
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